Who signs bills into law?

The process of signing bills into law is an essential function of the executive branch of government, specifically carried out by the President. Once both houses of Congress have passed a bill, it is sent to the President for approval. If the President signs the bill, it becomes law. This action represents the final step of the legislative process at the federal level and demonstrates the principle of checks and balances, as the President has the authority to either approve or veto legislation.

In contrast, while the Speaker of the House and the Vice President have significant roles in the legislative process, such as guiding discussions and voting in the Senate respectively, they do not possess the authority to sign bills into law. The Chief Justice, being part of the judicial branch, focuses on interpreting laws rather than enacting them. Therefore, the President's role as the signatory of bills underscores the importance of the executive branch in law-making.