Who can propose amendments to the U.S. Constitution?

Proposing amendments to the U.S. Constitution is primarily the responsibility of Congress. Article V of the Constitution outlines two processes for proposing amendments: the first and most common method is that an amendment can be proposed by a two-thirds vote in both the House of Representatives and the Senate. This requirement ensures that there is significant consensus among elected representatives before any alteration to the foundational legal document can occur.

While state governments can also initiate an alternative process by calling a constitutional convention to propose amendments, this method has never been used to date. Furthermore, the President and the Supreme Court do not have the authority to propose amendments. The role of the President is primarily to enforce laws rather than to create or modify the Constitution, and the Supreme Court’s function is to interpret the Constitution and adjudicate legal disputes based on it. Therefore, Congress is the correct answer as the institution designated with the power to propose amendments.