Which document outlines the rights of citizens in the United States?

The Bill of Rights is the correct answer because it specifically enumerates the rights and freedoms guaranteed to individuals in the United States. Ratified in 1791, it consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, which explicitly protect various civil liberties, including freedom of speech, religion, and the right to due process.

While the Constitution itself sets up the framework for the government and delineates powers and responsibilities, it is the Bill of Rights that directly addresses the rights of citizens. The Declaration of Independence, although crucial in articulating the principles of individual rights and liberty, does not provide a legal framework or a list of specific rights; it primarily serves as a statement declaring the colonies' desire to be free from British rule. The Federalist Papers are a collection of essays that advocate for the ratification of the Constitution, discussing its merits but not outlining rights in the way the Bill of Rights does. Therefore, the Bill of Rights is the document that explicitly outlines the rights of citizens, making it the most appropriate choice for this question.