What is one right only for United States citizens?

The right to vote in federal elections is a privilege specifically reserved for United States citizens. This right is fundamental to the democratic process and is outlined in various amendments to the Constitution, including the 15th, 19th, 24th, and 26th Amendments, which protect citizens from discrimination in voting based on race, gender, and age, provided they are at least 18 years old.

While freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and the right to a fair trial are essential rights that apply to everyone within the jurisdiction of the United States, the right to vote is unique in that it is exclusively available to citizens. Non-citizens may enjoy certain rights and protections, but participating in the electoral process through voting is a hallmark of citizenship and is critical for giving voice to the populace in governance. Therefore, this particular right serves as a defining characteristic of what it means to be a United States citizen.