What are the two parts of Congress?

The correct answer identifies the two parts of Congress as the Senate and the House of Representatives. This structure is foundational to the United States legislative system, which is established by the Constitution. The framers intended for Congress to be a bicameral legislature, meaning it has two distinct chambers.

The Senate represents the states equally, with each state having two senators, regardless of population size. This structure is designed to ensure that smaller states have an equal voice in the legislative process. In contrast, the House of Representatives is designed to represent the population, with the number of representatives from each state being proportionate to its population. This arrangement allows for a balance of power between populous and less populous states in the legislative process, facilitating a compromise between different interests.

Understanding this bicameral structure is crucial for appreciating how laws are made and how representation works within the federal government. The other options do not reflect this accurate division of Congress, focusing instead on different branches and structures that do not pertain to legislative bodies.